Essay on Is the Importance of Being Earnest a Satirical Play

‘It’s tone is that of satire, but of a satire which, for lack of a moral point of view, has lost its sting’ (Edouard Roditi) To what extent do you agree with this response to the play? By Molly Campbell With the definition of a satire being, ‘the use of humour, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity’, it is ludicrous to even propose that The Importance of Being Earnest is anything other than a satirical play, as the characters relishing in the upper class of the Victorian period unknowingly mock their own habits acquired to them due to the luxury they are spoilt with. Despite this, it is evident that the use of satire is feckless and lacks a moral point of view, in contrast with the moral†¦show more content†¦Previous to Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest, Victorian comedies consisted mostly of high and low comedy and of ‘dirty or vulgar jokes, dirty gestures, and sex’. Hence, it is possible to suggest that contradictory to Edouard Roditi’s interpretation, the Importance of Being Earnest carries a moral point of view in the fact it does not exploit sex or sexual preferences to ef fectuate drollery; Wilde provokes laughter through mistaken identities and the consequences of ‘bunburying’ perhaps to allude that his opinions it that sexuality is not a laughing matter. Providing this interpretation is true, it is acceptable to assume that the reasoning behind the negative criticisms the drama received when first written were due to the fact critics felt appalled that a piece of writing could prove successful without it consisting of any sexual nature and hence deemed The Importance of Being Earnest as, ‘dull in comparison to other plays read over the years’. Howbeit, some critics state that ‘the word earnest became a code-word for homosexual, as in: Is he earnest?, in the same way that Is he so? and Is he musical? were also employed’, suggesting that The Importance of Being Earnest is an expression of Wilde’s hatred for marriage and his fondness of homosexuality as he praises the idea of being Earnest’. ThisSho w MoreRelated Oscar Wildes The Importance Of Being Earnest Essay576 Words   |  3 Pages In â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† by Oscar Wilde, humor functions through the use of Characterization and the social satire of the Victorian period. Characterization is the method an author uses to reveal or describe characters and their various personalities. Satire is a literary tone used to ridicule or make fun of human vice or weakness, often with the intent of correcting, or changing, the subject of the satirical attack. These two comical devices are part of the nature of humor, which isRead MoreOscar Wilde’S The Importance Of Being Earnest Was Written1600 Words   |  7 PagesWilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest was written during the Modernism movement. Modernism was a literary movement that pushed back against the movement previously: Victorian/Realism. Wilde suggests that keeping up appearances was so significant during the Victorian ages that men engaged in bunburying: the idea that people take on a different persona, whether real or imagined, as an escape from their current life or in order to portray themselves in a better light. Wilde uses satirical humorRead More Importance Of Being Earnest Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesDraft The Importance of Being Earnest is set in late Victorian England, a time of social reform. Society was rediscovering art in its many forms yet as a consequence, The Upper class continued their program of suppressed inferiority. The lower classes were treated with disdain and disgust and the animosity between the groups was easily visible. Essentially, the late Victorian era was the beginning of a mini cultural renaissance, yet Upper Class society, which forms the basis of the play was rigidlyRead MoreWilde as Parodist: a Second Look at the Importance of Being Earnest : a Review877 Words   |  4 Pagesthe early critics found Oscar Wilde’s final play strictly humorous, it clearly conveys social hypocrisies of the upper-classes of the period (late-Victorian). Wilde was being satirical and paradoxical in his play to show the hypocrisy and entertain the viewers in a play that is still being repeated till today. It is a witty and amusing comedy which conveys real life everyday the mes such as real love as opposed to selfish love, religion, marriage, being truthful and country life as opposed to cityRead MoreThe Importance of Being Earnest Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesoutrageously absurd beliefs. Like many satirical plays, The Importance of Being Earnest is deliberately preposterous in nature so as to better ridicule Edwardian social life and cherished ideals. The Importance of Being Earnest is a stinging indictment of upper class British society of the time. The ingenious play mocks the concepts of aristocracy and love in Edwardian society, and addresses the notion of treating all important matters of life with genuine and earnest triviality. Much of theRead More The Importance of Being More Than Earnest Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pagesevery character, and every stage direction in The Importance of Being Earnest is set on supporting Oscar Wilde’s want for social change. The Importance of Being Earnest was written during the late period of the Victorian era. During this period social classification was taken very seriously. It could affect working and living conditions, education, religion, and marriage. Wilde explores the issues of social class and turns it into a comedic play. He humorously criticizes Victorian manners and attackingRead MoreOscar Wildes Paradoxes1404 Words   |  6 Pagesparadox that Wilde uses is the statement contradicts not itself but common sense. Although paradoxical statements add to the comedy of the play, they are not the only features that provide comic effect: epigrams, puns and incongruity are all features that are important in adding to the comedy. Paradoxical statements are fundamental in adding to the comedy of the play as they shape our views of the characters and society. Lady Bracknell, for example, states â€Å"To lose one parent, Mr Worthing, may be regardedRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde897 Words   |  4 PagesOscar Wilde’s, The Importance of Being Earnest, is a satirical play for earnest people. Wilde uses witty and humor through analogies or metaphors to address matters such as marriage and class structure. Wild’s play is much of a satirical attack toward the higher class in a Victorian society. The Importance of Being Earnest, acts as a storyline of living a double life. Jack and Algernon claim to be an ideal figure, Ernest, whom which attracts women. Both characters, living the double life, tend toRead MoreRussell Jackson ´s Review of The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde 1307 Words   |  6 Pagesthat in The Importance of Being Earnest, Wilde simultaneously en gaged with and mocked the forms and rules of society To what extent is Wildes play critical of society? The Importance of Being Earnest: a Trivial Comedy for Serious People is a play written by, author, poet and playwright Oscar Wilde in 1894 and debuted at St Jamess Theatre in London in 1895. The Importance of Being Earnest is Wildes most eminent work and renowned for its abundant quips and entertaining satirical views on VictorianRead More The Importance of Being Earnest Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest is a timeless comedy of manners in which two young, light-hearted men, pretend their names are ‘Ernest’ in a bid to impress their love interests, who both believe the name Ernest bestows magical qualities on the possessor. Throughout the play, Wilde uses a mix of social drama, melodrama and farce to appeal to the audience. Through his gentle use of parody Wilde is able to ridicule his contemporaries and attack the values and attitudes of Victorian society

Alcoholism 11 Free Essays

Alcoholism Alcoholism is one of the biggest medical problems in the Western world. Alcohol has been around since biblical times. The problem continues to grow every year and has a negative impact on society. We will write a custom essay sample on Alcoholism 11 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nearly every town and city has restaurants that serve alcohol, and has stores where it can be purchased. For these reasons, the nature of alcoholism needs to be exposed. The problems that arise from this disease need to be shown. The purpose of this paper is to talk about the problem, the cause and effects, and the treatment process. Alcoholism is the habitual or compulsive consumption of alcoholic liquor to excess according to Webster’s New World Dictionary. An alcoholic has no control over drinking and continues to use alcohol even though adverse consequences occur (Hurley 71). Alcohol affects the alcoholic’s family and work, they ignore responsibilities and assignments. In nineteen fifty six alcoholism was recognized as a disease by the American Medical Association. Fishman 28) When the National Council for Education on Alcoholism (now known as the National Council on Alcohol and Drug Dependency) was formed, their first and most prominent principle was, â€Å"Alcoholism is a disease† (Nicolaus 136). The disease has serious consequences on the drinker and society as well. Even though there is much concern about drugs, next to tobacco, alcohol is the most widely used drug in the United States (Hurley 71). Alcohol impaired drivers caused thirty two percent of traffic related fatalities in two thousand eight (â€Å"Alcohol Impaired Driving†). In 1996 nearly thirty six percent of incarcerated criminals were under the influence of alcohol when committing their crime (â€Å"Alcohol and Crime†). Indeed, alcoholism has become a public concern, since it had begun to influence society as well. There are two types of alcoholism, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependency. An example of alcohol abuse is random binge drinking. A person is alcohol dependent when that person can’t stop drinking without withdrawal symptoms. â€Å"There is no known cause of alcoholism. † (Van Voorhees) Alcoholism is described as a drug addiction. There are several factors that play in its development. They are divided into two main groups, psychological and social. Psychological factors include anxiety relief, conflict in relationships, depression and low self-esteem. Some examples of social factors are the ease of getting alcohol, peer pressure, social acceptance of alcohol use, and a stressful lifestyle. (Van Voorhees) There are other factors that lead to excessive drinking. â€Å"Research suggests that certain genes may increase the risk of alcoholism, but which genes or how they work is not known. (Van Voorhees) Studies have shown that family history is a factor as well. People whose parents abused alcohol have a higher risk of alcoholism. It is a given that alcoholism leads to physical and mental problems. But how does excessive consumption of alcohol affect the daily life of alcoholics? What are the effects of alcoholism in everyday life? The organ most sensitive to alcohol is the brain. The cerebrum is affected first. It is in control of sensation, perception, speech, and judgment. The cerebellum is the second part of the brain affected. The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance. A person under the influence of alcohol will have slurred speech, loss of balance and uncoordinated movements. The excessive alcohol user is usually unable to judge accurately what he or she can or cannot do. Drinking alcohol increases confidence and diminishes abilities. This misplaced confidence often leads people to judge themselves competent to perform tasks that are beyond their abilities. (Fishman 37-41) An alcoholic’s job and family are also affected by alcoholism. In couples it affects communication, which in turn, increases conflict levels. It has also been proven that domestic violence increases in alcoholic families. Alcohol use affects parenting. Family life can become chaotic and have poor quality environment. The children are exposed to the parent’s increased conflict (â€Å"Alcohol and the Family†). An alcoholic’s attendance to work is affected by drinking. They are chronically late and their productivity is decreased. The effects of alcohol in everyday life can be further explained through specific examples. In terms of finances, an alcoholic would be irresponsible. The bills would not be paid on time, prompting the collection agencies to take action. An alcoholic would not be stable enough to manage his or her own money; thus, incapacity for money management is an effect of alcoholism in everyday life. In terms of employment or schooling, an alcoholic is most likely to be tardy. However, the person can altogether skip school or work to drink. Even socializing with friends is affected by alcoholism. An alcoholic usually does not like it when other people offer their opinion about his or her drinking habits. He or she is irritated by comments and critiques of their drinking. As a result, the alcoholic would soon drink in secrecy. Another effect of alcoholism in everyday life is the lapses in memory and interest. Due to the aforementioned effect on the brain, it follows that even memory is not spared from the dangers of alcohol. Alcoholics usually suffer from â€Å"blackouts† (Fishman 40). These are instances when they could not remember appointments and the like. Moreover, the activities that the person used to enjoy would cease to be enjoyable, due to the effect of alcoholism (Fishman 42). These are some of the examples of how alcoholism affects everyday life. Alcoholism is a treatable disease. There are treatments available for this condition, and several medications have made it possible for alcoholics to fully recover. In the treatment of alcoholism, there are several steps to take into account: intervention, detoxification and rehabilitation (Fishman 60). The first step is intervention. It takes someone else to point out the problem for them to realize that they need to get help. The most familiar approach in intervention is the confrontation between alcoholics and the concerned party. It was only recently when studies have shown that intervention would be more effective if it was done with â€Å"compassion and empathy† (Medline). The next step is detoxification. The objective of this step is to stop the drinking of alcoholic beverages. This phase in the treatment is tough for the alcoholic, as the intake of alcohol will suddenly be stopped. That is why detoxification usually takes place in an inpatient set-up, in which the environment is â€Å"controlled and supervised† (Van Voorhees). During the process, every medication is cautiously measured to hinder withdrawal from taking place. The moment the symptoms of withdrawal are absent, the giving of medications would be gradually stopped. The duration of detoxification usually lasts from four to seven days. These days, there is a kind of detoxification that is in the outpatient set-up, but still under the guidance of a physician. While in detoxification treatment, it is important that the patient has a balanced diet, as well as vitamin supplements. This is because there are complications that happen with alcohol withdrawal, and the patient must be as healthy as possible (Fishman 83-84). If the detoxification process stops people from consuming alcohol, the rehabilitation process guides people to fully recover by staying away from alcohol (Van Voorhees). This fourth step in the treatment is more comprehensive, as it prepares the patient for complete recovery in the long run. Not only does rehabilitation stop people from drinking, it allows them to create a network of support to encourage their continuous road to recovery. Rehabilitation programs usually involve â€Å"counseling, psychological support, therapy, education and skills training† (Fishman 85-88). There are two kinds of rehabilitation programs: the short-term and the long-term programs (Fishman 89). The former requires less than a month, while the latter could range from a month to a year or longer. There is also the outpatient counseling option, which is suitable for those who have just finished an inpatient treatment. Aside from this, there are the support groups dedicated to the endeavor of recovery of alcoholics. Examples of which include SMART Recovery, Women for Sobriety, and Alcoholics Anonymous (Van Voorhees). There are three recognized medications in treating alcoholism. The first one is Disulfiram. The medicine works by disrupting the metabolism of alcohol, causing a metabolite that would make the person sick if he drinks even a small amount of alcohol about two weeks after taking the medicine. The second drug is Acamprosate. It is believed that this drug helps people to abstain from alcohol; it also decreases the symptoms that come with abstinence (â€Å"Alcoholism†). The third drug is Naltrexone, which works on the brain to decrease alcohol cravings (Barbour 145-146). It is crucial that people are made aware of the causes, effects and treatments of alcoholism. This awareness would help prevent the problem of alcoholism. People should be reminded that alcoholism is not just the problem of an individual but also of society. Works Cited Alcohol and the Family. Aug 2004. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Web. 15 Dec 2009. . Barbour, Scott. Alcohol. San Diego: Greenhaven Pr, 1998. 145-146. Print. Fishman, Ross. Alcohol and alcoholism. New York, NY: Chelsea House Pub, 1986. Print Hurley, Jennifer. Addiction. San Diego: Greenhaven Pr, 2000. Print. â€Å"MayoClinic. com. † Alcoholism. 08 May 2008. Mayo foundation for Medical Education and Research. Web. 15 Dec 2009 . National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Alcohol-Impaired Driving. , 2008. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. Neufeldt, Victoria, and David Guralnik. Webster. 3rd college. New York, NY: Webster, 1989. Print. Nicolaus, Martin. Empowering Your Sober Self. 1st. San Francisco, CA: Jossy-Bass, 2009. Print. United States Department of Justice. Alcohol and Crime. , 2008. Web. 28 Nov 2009. Van Voorhees, Benjamin. â€Å"MedlinePlus. † Alcoholism. 15 Jan 2009. Web. 15 Dec 2009. . How to cite Alcoholism 11, Papers

Advent of Globalization

Question: How the world has changed due to the advent of globalization. Answer: Due to the advent of globalization, the world has seen various changes in a positive manner. On the other hand, the world has experienced various negative impacts as well. Due to the increasing usage of technology and the use of the machineries, the amount of waste is also rising in the environment (Guerrero, Maas and Hogland 2013). The rise in the population in the developed as well as the developing countries, also contributes to the rise in the amount of waste in the environment (Papargyropoulou, Lozano, Steinberger, Wright and bin Ujang 2014). As a result, it has become mandatory to manage the waste materials to give the people living in the society a better life. Moreover, it is important to keep a balance between the operations in the factories that generate waste and the environment. The essay will mainly focus on the measures taken to manage the waste in Asia by referring to some case studies. Along with the rest of the world, Asia is one such continent that is experiencing a generation of huge amount of waste. However, steps are being taken to manage the waste and reduce the pollution so that the environment is not polluted due to the waste. Pollution is another danger for the environment, which is a product of globalization. It is important the change the negative effects that has been brought about due to globalization should not harm the society or the people living in the society is any way. To manage the solid waste, it is important to know the types or the characterization of solid waste that is produced in Asia It can be seen that there are multiple sources of solid waste like residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, constructions and demolition, municipal services, process and the agricultural waste. The types of solid waste that can be generated from the food, plastics, metals, glass, constructions and demolitions materials, wood, steel, dirt, the trimmings from the tee, agricultural waste and other waste (Tian, Gao, Hao, Lu, Zhu and Qiu 2013). Malaysia is one such country is Asia, which is suffering from solid waste generation in the present state (Menikpura, Sang-Arun and Bengtsson 2013). Malaysia is one of the most developed countries in the world but the amount of waste is also increasing at a steep level in the country. It has been calculated that the local communities in Malaysia produce 16000 tons of domestic waste per day. The amount of waste generated in the continent varies between 0.45 kg and 1.44 kg p in one day (Abas 2014). The variations are depended on the economic status of the people of the particular area. On an average, 1 kg of waste is generated per day in the country (Abas 2014). It has been seen that the rapid development in the country has resulted in a huge rise in the population of the country (Kiddee, Naidu and Wong 2013). The study shows that the Malaysian population has increased have increased by 50% in the last decade. The number of city in the Malaysian peninsula has increased by 400% when it was measured in the year 2000 by comparing with the number of cities in the year 1957 (Othman, Noor, Abba, Yusuf and Hassan 2013). The Malaysian government has taken necessary steps to combat the solid waste that are being produced due to the increase in number of positions in the country. The Malaysian government is taking into consideration a number of plans and steps to combat the problem of solid waste. Malaysia has committed to agenda 21, United Nations Framework Convention regarding climate change and the Kyoto protocol for the sustainable development of the country (Samsudin and Don 2013). The government of Malaysia has planned to reduce carbon dioxide e mission by 40% by the year 2020 as compared to t emission that was calculated in the year 2005 (Hardoy, Mitlin and Satterthwaite 2013). The waste management in Malaysia takes place in three phases. In the first phase it was stored, in the second phase is transported to different stations and in the third phase, it is treated at various stations. The waste management style in Japan is quite similar to the waste management style in Malaysia (Pariatamby and Tanaka 2014). A small truck collects the waste from the administration building. The waste is then divided into two parts; one is the combustible bulk waste and another is the general waste. The combustible bulk waste is then passed through crushing equipment (Zen, Noor and Yusuf 2014). After passing through the crushing equipment, it is out in the input. The general waste is directly transferred to the input. Once the waste is put in the input, another machine collects the dust and put the deodorizing agent. In the input there is a receiving hopper and a waste feed equipments, which process the waste. After passing thought the compressor and through the container passing equipment, the waste is then passed though the large trucks. The large trucks then either takes the wastes to a site where it can be disposed or takes them to another plant where, it can be further processe d. A pictorial representation of the transfer of the waste management is given below: The best part of Malaysia and Japan is that they maintain a proper scientific and hygienic method of transferring the wastes and managing the wastes (Lohri, Camenzind and Zurbrgg 2014). The authors, Poonia M. P, Vipin Upadhyay and Jethoo A.S where the authors studied the solid waste management system at the MNIT campus in Jaipur, carried out a study. The study was presented in a paper titled, Solid Waste Collection and Segregation: A Case Study of MNIT Campus, Jaipur (Upadhyay, Jethoo and Poonia 2012). The management of MNIT was going through a critical phase of solid waste management. A large amount of waste was produced through the hostels and the kitchens of the hostels. It has been seen that a lot of waste was being generated from the mess, residents, academics, hostels and the road side. Things like plastic, paper, tin, rubber, leather, cardboards, glass and other things are the wastes that are being generated in the campus. The researcher found that the transportation system of the waste is the main reason for the miss-management of the waste. The sweepers do their job well and they transport the wastes outside the campus every alternate day. The solid wastes that are being collected from the road side are directly transported to the final disposal site (Aja, O.C. and Al-Kayiem 2014). However, the remaining solid wastes are being transported by a tractor to a disposal ground; the solid waste is then final disposal site. The main problem occurs when the tractors takes the waste outside the campus. The tractors are either not covered or are partially covered. The tractors spread the germs in the road while transporting the waste. The workers who work with the solid waste are not given protective gloves while working with the wastes. In addition to this, the shoes of the workers are directly exposed to the waste. Hence, there is a high chance of spreading germs all over eth campus. The miss-management in the solid waste management system pose a threat to the health of the students, teachers, the staffs and the workers who work in the campus (Papargyropoulou, Lozano, Steinberger, Wright and bin Ujang 2014). However, the management use of mec hanical system to load and unload the waste and hence there is a chance that the workers will not have their body coming in contact with the waste. The authors concluded that there is a huge need to upgrade the waste management system of MNIT. The management need to scientifically dispose the solid waste through the sanitary landfill. The management need to buckle up and segregate the waste before transporting them to the final disposal site. The biodegradable and non- biodegradable waste should be segregated not only for the saving the environment but also for recycling products of the waste products, which need not be produced as they can be recycled by the users (Tian, Gao, Hao, Lu, Zhu and Qiu 2013). In another article named, A Case Study on Municipal Solid Waste Management in Chandan Nagar City, the waste management system of Chandannagar city was being studied. The authors, S K Maity, B Bhattacharyya and B K Bhattacharyay studied the semi-urban area of Chandannagar city situated in west Bengal (Maity, Bhattacharyay and Bhattacharyya 2012). The Chandannagar Municipal Corporation collects the solid waste from the Chandannagar city. The solid wastes are being collected from the markets, the houses, the parks and the grounds, the institutions, the offices and the hospitals present in the area. The garbage is collected by the sweepers form the commercial and the residential area. The collected solid wastes are then transported to final disposal ground. However, the problems that were seen with the MNIT persist here as well (Maity, Bhattacharyay and Bhattacharyya 2012). The tractors are not well-covered during the transportation. The roads get polluted as at times, the solid wastes f all on the road. In addition to this, there is no segregation of the biodegradable and non- biodegradable wastes. When the people of the household or the commercial area dispose the waste, there is only one bin that collect both the biodegradable and non biodegradable waste (Guerrero, Maas and Hogland 2013). The authors also found that her is no recycling process goes on after the collation of the waste (Maity, Bhattacharyay and Bhattacharyya 2012). According to the authors, the absence of recycling affects the economy of the country (Maity, Bhattacharyay and Bhattacharyya 2012). The authority fails to understand that once certain products are recycled, the products can be used for multiple purposes. The need of buying new products will decrease eventually. In such a situation, there will be less expenditure on the part of the people (Othman, Noor, Abba, Yusuf and Hassan 2013). The authors also feel that there is high need of adoption scientific method of disposal of wastes and the transportation of wastes. Waste management not only includes the steps taken to reduce the waste and proper processing of the wastes, it also involves storage, transportation and the final processing (Kiddee, Naidu and Wong 2013). Thus, it can be said that India needs to adopt better ways of managing the wastes similar to other countries like Malaysia and Japan. The management system needs to be enhanced in India (Menikpura, Sang-Arun and Bengtsson 2013). They should adopt scientific and hygienic ways of transportation of the waste and takes care that the environment is not polluted while transferring the wastes (Maity, Bhattacharyay and Bhattacharyya 2012). The essay mainly takes into account the case studies of three different countries of Asia, Malaysia, Japan and India. The solid waste management technique is studied for the three countries to compare and contrast the ways adopted by the countries as far as the solid waste management is concerned. After evaluating the waste management techniques of the different countries, it can be concluded that the problems of the waste management is present in all the countries of Asia. However, India needs to adopt better ways and techniques to manage the waste in the country. All the three countries collect the wastes from the residential and the commercial areas in a regular basis. The positive method of colleting the wastes in Malaysia and Japan is that, they segregate the biodegradable and the non- biodegradable wastes. It not only helps in sustain the environment, it also helps in the development of the economy of the country as the recyclable materials do not get mixed up with the degradab le products. It is easier for the waste management authorities to segregate the waste and use the materials for the respective purposes in a better manner. Reference Abas, M. (2014). Municipal Solid Waste Management in Malaysia: An Insight Towards Sustainability.SSRN Electronic Journal. Aja, O.C. and Al-Kayiem, H.H., 2014. Review of municipal solid waste management options in Malaysia, with an emphasis on sustainable waste-to-energy options.Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management,16(4), pp.693-710. Guerrero, L.A., Maas, G. and Hogland, W., 2013. Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries.Waste management,33(1), pp.220-232. Hardoy, J.E., Mitlin, D. and Satterthwaite, D., 2013.Environmental problems in an urbanizing world: finding solutions in cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Routledge. Kiddee, P., Naidu, R. and Wong, M.H., 2013. Electronic waste management approaches: An overview.Waste Management,33(5), pp.1237-1250. Lohri, C.R., Camenzind, E.J. and Zurbrgg, C., 2014. Financial sustainability in municipal solid waste managementCosts and revenues in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.Waste management,34(2), pp.542-552. Maity, S., Bhattacharyay, B. and Bhattacharyya, B. (2012). A Case Study on Municipal Solid Waste Management in Chandan Nagar City.International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering Management (IJAIEM), 1(3). Menikpura, S.N.M., Sang-Arun, J. and Bengtsson, M., 2013. Integrated solid waste management: an approach for enhancing climate co-benefits through resource recovery.Journal of Cleaner Production,58, pp.34-42. Othman, S.N., Noor, Z.Z., Abba, A.H., Yusuf, R.O. and Hassan, M.A.A., 2013. Review on life cycle assessment of integrated solid waste management in some Asian countries.Journal of Cleaner Production,41, pp.251-262. Papargyropoulou, E., Lozano, R., Steinberger, J.K., Wright, N. and bin Ujang, Z., 2014. The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste.Journal of Cleaner Production,76, pp.106-115. Pariatamby, A. and Tanaka, M., 2014. Municipal solid waste management in Asia and the Pacific Islands.Environmental Science, Springer, Singapore. Samsudin, M.D.M. and Don, M.M., 2013. Municipal solid waste management in Malaysia: current practices, challenges and prospects.Jurnal Teknologi,62(1). Solid Waste Management and Recycling Technology of Japan à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‚  Toward a Sustainable Society Toward a Sustainable Society à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‚ . (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] Ministry of Environment. Available at: https://www.env.go.jp/en/recycle/smcs/attach/swmrt.pdf [Accessed 6 Jun. 2016]. Tian, H., Gao, J., Hao, J., Lu, L., Zhu, C. and Qiu, P., 2013. Atmospheric pollution problems and control proposals associated with solid waste management in China: a review.Journal of hazardous materials,252, pp.142-154. Upadhyay, V., Jethoo, A. and Poonia, M. (2012). Solid Waste Collection and Segregation: A Case Study of MNIT Campus, Jaipur.International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), 1(3). Zen, I.S., Noor, Z.Z. and Yusuf, R.O., 2014. The profiles of household solid waste recyclers and non-recyclers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Habitat International,42, pp.83-89.